Posts Tagged: Dependents

Most individuals have some form of insurance, whether it is for their vehicle, home or health. But it is important, however, not to overlook the benefits of life insurance, which pays money to beneficiaries when the insured dies.

HOW LIFE INSURANCE WORKS

Typically, the insured person makes payments into the plan – called premiums – in exchange for a “death benefit,” the money that is paid at the time of death. If you are considering purchasing life insurance there are a few potential problems you need to be aware of.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES

There are numerous types of policies you can choose, but life insurance policies generally fall into three categories – protection, long-term savings and estate conservation.

Many people purchase life insurance for the purpose of providing for their dependents in the event of their death, thus protecting your existing stream of income. If you are in the protection category you may want to consider term life insurance, which offers only a death benefit for a specified period of time such as until you retire.

If long term savings is your reason for purchasing insurance, you may consider a cash value policy. With this type of life insurance, your beneficiaries receive a payment upon your death based on the full amount of coverage , not the cash value of the plan. The value of these plans is usually tied to an underlying investment portfolio and that is how funds accumulate.

Another added benefit is that these policies usually allow a holder to borrow from the accumulated funds in the plan without taxes or penalties. Depending on the policy, you can typically withdraw a portion of cash value and not pay it back, or even cancel the policy and receive the money that has been accumulated over the years.

USE LIFE INSURANCE FOR ESTATE PLANNING

Life insurance can also be used as an estate planning tool, especially if your goal is to preserve wealth for future generations. This type of policy covers one or two lives; the cash generated by these plans typically helps your heirs pay estate taxes and provide otherwise.

Now you have to decide how much coverage you need to provide the amount of income your family will need in the event of your death. After all, your goal in purchasing life insurance most likely is to ensure that income continues for those who are now dependent upon your income.

WHO NEEDS LIFE INSURANCE?

It also is important not to ignore the need for life insurance protection in a single or dual income family. The death of either spouse could create a financial strain on your family.

Life insurance guarantees payment of a given amount to the insured persons beneficiaries when the policy owner dies. While many people, especially younger people, dont necessarily want to take the time to think about something as abstract as dying, this form of insurance is particularly important for parents or other persons with dependents.

The basic structure of most life insurance policies is relatively straight-forward: the policy owner pays a premium every month; upon the owners death, the insurer issues payment for the policy amount to the spouse, children, or other beneficiary(-ies) named in the policy. In practice, as with most forms of insurance, specific policies can be much more complicated than this fairly simple model.

For example, the life insurance policy might have riders, or additional clauses, that pay off in the event of a terminal or critical illness or a permanent disability due to physical or mental causes. Also, there are different varieties of policies, including term life insurance, whole life coverage, universal coverage, and limited-pay policies. Understanding the difference between the different types of coverage and picking the appropriate one for your situation can be difficult, and professional advice may be necessary to ensure the correct policy is in place.

Term Life Insurance covers the insured for a certain number of years, after which the coverage typically expires. Because the policy does not build any cash value, and because it is typically based on a low likelihood of death for the covered person, term insurance premiums are usually relatively low. However, the length of the term, the amount of coverage (and whether it stays constant or decreases over time), and the premium amount (again, fixed or adjustable over time), will all affect the premium amount. The lower premium is a primary advantage of term life insurance; a drawback is that, at the end of the term, the still-living insured receives no benefit from the coverage.

Whole Life Insurance is permanent life insurance, which means the policy holder can withdraw money paid in or borrow against the cash value. Whole life has the advantage of a fixed annual premium and guaranteed death benefits. Premiums are much higher than term life policies at first, but over the life of the policy the two policy types roughly even out in terms of total cost. While whole life insurance does build value over time, it may not be as strong as other savings options in terms of the rate of returns. Also, dividends are not guaranteed with whole life.

Universal life insurance is similar to whole life, but it offers more flexibility in premiums and may offer stronger returns over time. It also has a cash account and accrues interest.

The variety of policies available is intimidating enough to many people. With dozens of optional riders available, and variations even within individual rider classes, competent professional help is definitely recommended when selecting life insurance. It should be noted that the life insurance policies offered by many employers, while an attractive benefit, are typically not adequate to meet the needs of the insureds family in the event of an untimely death. The total amount of life insurance carried should be enough to pay off any mortgages, car payments, credit card debt, and any other major outstanding debt, leaving the survivors in a solid financial situation.

Who needs it?

Life Insurance cover provides either a lump sum or an income on the untimely death of an individual. Therefore, anyone who’s death would create a financial loss to another has a need for life insurance cover. This couldshould include the following: -

Parties to a Mortgage or indeed a loan (mortgage life insurance cover)
Anyone with dependents (whilst a parent may not work, surely there would be a financial loss if anything were to happen whilst there are young children to be cared for)
Key Individuals. Where a business would suffer financial loss on the death of an essential employee.

In essence any situation where monetary loss would be incurred could possibly have a need for life insurance cover.

630,000 people in the UK will die this year* *source:National Statistics, Winter 2002

Types of Cover

Term Life Insurance

Term life insurance is as it suggests taken out for a specified number of years at outset. With this type of policy you are merely paying for the cover provided based on your age, health and the term. Therefore, it is important to obtain the most competitive term life insurance quote for the cover provided. It is possible to take out term life insurance that will pay level lump sums, decreasing lump sums (mortgage life insurance cover) or regular payments (income).

Whole of Life

As the name suggests, potentially, this type of policy will provide cover through an individuals life time. However, when obtaining a whole of life insurance quote, as well as level of premium there are other aspects to be considered, such as investment performance, effect of charges, financial strength of the company.

Which one?

There are good arguments for both type of policy. We would suggest that the following could make up the main considerations: –

Cost – Whole of Life insurance, as a rule of thumb is usually the more expensive type of product.
Period that cover is required – If cover is required for a specific period i.e. a Mortgage then Term cover could be more appropriate
Future Plans – If, for instance a family is planned, then whole of life can offer the flexibility to increase cover for this or other like events.

Note

Critical Illness(CI) now provides an equally important benefit and we would strongly recommend that you view the CI Factsheet.

Conclusion

This artice is meant merely as a rough guide to the needs and options surrounding Life Assurance. It is by no means a comprehensive outline to anyones particular requirements. It would be, therefore, wise to use this as a guide and seek more comprehensive advice, via a professional Independent Financial Adviser. All advisers are Regulated and Authorised by the Financial Services Authority (FSA) and are now required to explain their status to you (either independent and fee charging, independent but paid by commission only, or tied)

Though Life Insurance is neither an investment plan nor a savings scheme, it still plays a significant role in the financial portfolio of most individuals. The main purpose of Life Insurance is to protect the dependents of a person from financial loss in the event of his death.

Financial obligations arise out of many situations in life like when getting married or divorced, having a baby, buying a house, sending your child to college, starting a business, taking care of a parent who is aged or sick or on retirement. If a person is shouldering these responsibilities he must ensure that these obligations continue to be fulfilled even after his death. If he has a family who depends upon his earning capacity, he is a perfect candidate for life insurance. A person should consider the long term as well as the short-term financial obligations to decide whether he needs life insurance. The questions to ask are:

1.Do you have people including family and business partners who are financially dependent upon you over a long period of time?

2.In the event of your death, do your dependents have enough assets and resources including liquid cash to take care of all their needs and to pay off your financial debts?

The second question requires a further assessment of the short-term financial needs of the family of the deceased. These include working out the following factors:

Inheritance procedures can be time consuming and the family will need funds till they get access to the property of the deceased.
The availability of other liquid assets like bank accounts or stocks can reduce dependency on life insurance.

The existence of a large amount of non-liquid assets as against liquid assets makes it necessary to have insurance.
The amount of debts and taxes the person stands to owe after his death.

Businessmen must ensure there is enough cash flow in the business for his inheritors to maintain his business.

Considering the above questions, one would find most people do need life insurance, though one can do without it if one has no dependents or young kids to support. Still, other obligations like a home mortgage or a sole proprietary business or planning for a comfortable retirement for yourself or your spouse are some of the reasons why a life insurance is still a good financial program to pick up.